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| Formulations | Wettable powder | Soluble powder |
| Potency | 1 X 10^8 CFu/g | 1x 10^9 CFu/g |
| Application Type | Soil application, Foliar application | Soil application, Foliar application |
| Indian Pesticides Regulatory (CIB) | Organic Certification – NPOP India | National Bio Diversity Board Compliance – India | Access benefit sharing agreement (ABS) – Nagoya protocol |
| Under registration | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) | Pre-Harvest Interval (PHI) | Re-entry barrier | Safe to predators, parasites and pollinators |
| Not applicable | 0 Days | 0 Days | Yes |
Pacer® contains conidiospores of Metarhizium anisopliae. The composition is customised to comply with regulatory guidelines of respective countries. Metarhizium anisopliae is a proprietary strain and compliant with National Bio Diversity Authority guidelines and has Access Benefit Sharing (ABS) agreement with the State Bio Diversity Board for payment of royalty to the habitat from where the microbes have been isolated. The strain is under Patent deposit certificate with Budapest Treaty recognised depository.
Conidial penetration: The conidial spores of Metarhizium anisopliae gets attached to the host by entering through the hosts’ spiracles and pores of its sense organs and start germinating. Surface growth on cuticle occurs to a limited extent where the fungus derives nutrition from the lipids in the cuticle. The fungus produces an appressorium (a swelling on the end of the germ tube) which marks the start of invasion of insect. The appressorium produces a penetration peg that enters the external skeleton (cuticle) of the host. The fungus produces a lateral extension of hyphae inside insect body which proliferate and start feeding on insect’s internal contents.
Enzyme production: Metarhizium anisopliae has extracellular enzymes mainly the proteases which help in penetration of insect cuticle through localized hydrolysis. Its mycelia produce secondary metabolites and destruxin- a mycotoxin cyclodepsipeptide that helps the fungus overcome the host defenses as the host tends to produce melanin, a dark compound as a defense mechanism
Growth: Metarhizium anisopliae’s hyphae continue to grow till mycelia fills the entire insect’s body. After consuming internal contents (haemolymph) the fungus breaks out of insect’s cuticle and starts sporulating making the insect appear fuzzy. After its death the host is seen to be enveloped by a mat of green conidia. Metarhizium anisopliae infects the insect on contact and does not need to be consumed by the host to cause infection.
Environment factors: Metarhizium anisopliae is sensitive to temperature extremes. The spore viability decreases as storage temperatures increase and virulence decreases at low temperatures. The fungus needs high humidity for releasing and multiplication of spores.
Infection establishes between 24 to 48 hours. The infected insect may live for three to five days after hyphal penetration and after death of host insect pest, the conidiophores bearing conidia are produced on cadaver.
Metarhizium anisopliae has a unique Horizontal Transfer Effect (HTE) unlike any chemical termiticide. Normal chemical termiticides when drenched in soil enter mostly vertically down in soil and partially horizontally. Only the termites coming in direct contact with the chemical termiticide get killed without affecting the large travelling colony. However, Metarhizium anisopliae being a Biotermiticide has a Horizontal Transfer Effect starts multiplying horizontally due to availability of moisture and target the pests by killing it.
Pacer® is available in the following formulations
The following table gives details on Application methods and doses for the different formulations
| Wettable powder | Soluble powder | |
| Potency | 1x10^8 CFU/g | 1x10^9CFU/g |
| Soil application (Soil drench OR Drip irrigation) | 1 Acre dose: 2-5kg 1 Ha dose: 5-12.5kg |
1 Acre dose: 200-500g 1 Ha dose: 500g – 1.25 Kg |
| Soil application (Soil drench OR Drip irrigation) for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials | 1 Acre dose: 2-5kg 1 Ha dose: 5-12.5kg Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. |
1 Acre dose: 200-500g 1 Ha dose: 500g – 1.25 Kg Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. |
| Foliar application | 1 Acre dose: 2kg 1 Ha dose: 5kg |
1 Acre dose: 200g 1 Ha dose: 500g |
| Foliar application for Long duration crops / Orchards / Perennials | 1 Acre dose: 2kg 1 Ha dose: 5kg Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. |
1 Acre dose: 200g 1 Ha dose: 500g Apply 2 times in 1 Year. Before onset of monsoon and after monsoon. |
Soil application:Pacer® can be used as under:
Foliar application:Mix Pacer® at recommended doses in sufficient water and spray on foliage. Apply twice a year for long duration crops. It is recommended to have first application before the onset of the main monsoon / rainfall/ spring season and second application after the main monsoon / rainfall / autumn/ fall season
Note:
Do not store Pacer® solution for more than 24 hours after mixing in water.
A fraction of the product may not be soluble in water. It is advisable to filter and discard undissolved residue and use filtered liquid for spraying or feeding through drip irrigation.
Compatible with other BioPesticides , biofertilizers, organic fertilizers, organic manures, biopesticides, vermicompost, sea kelp (seaweed fertilizer), protein hydrolysates, organic carbon and rock phosphate.
Note:
It is advisable to have a one-week gap if soil application pesticides are to be used after application of Pacer®
Store in ambient temperature, not more than 35 degrees Celsius. Preferably store between 4 – 10-degree Celsius. Keep container closed after use. Store in a dry place.
Pacer® has a shelf life of 6 months from the date of manufacturing.
Pacer® composition can be customized to meet local regulatory guidelines.
Pacer® is offered in India - as Metarhizium anisopliae – Biopesticide with label claim of Metarhizium anisopliae with 1*10^8 CFU/g in wettable powder formulation.
Pacer® is also offered as Soluble Powder formulation (1x 10 ^9 CFu/g).
